Ané, C., J. G. Burleigh, M. M. McMahon and M. J. Sanderson. Covarion structure in the plastid genome evolution: A new statistical test.
| cluster number | taxa | bases | symbol | product | |
| 8 | 23 | 438 | rps11 | ribosomal protein S11 | |
| 9 | 23 | 429 | rpl16 | ribosomal protein L16 | |
| 10 | 23 | 438 | rps8 | ribosomal protein S8 | |
| 11 | 23 | 402 | rpl20 | ribosomal protein L20 | |
| 12 | 23 | 309 | rps14 | ribosomal protein S14 | |
| 13 | 22 | 2262 | psaA | photosystem I P700 apoprotein A1 | |
| 14 | 22 | 2205 | psaB | photosystem I P700 apoprotein A2 | |
| 15 | 22 | 1536 | psbB | photosystem II 47 kDa protein | |
| 16 | 22 | 1512 | atpB | ATPase beta subunit | |
| 17 | 22 | 1461 | psbC | photosystem II 44 kDa protein | |
| 18 | 22 | 1062 | psbD | photosystem II protein D2 | |
| 20 | 22 | 1032 | petA | cytochrome f | |
| 21 | 22 | 858 | rps3 | ribosomal protein S3 | |
| 22 | 22 | 777 | atpI | ATP synthase CF0 A chain | |
| 23 | 22 | 741 | rps4 | ribosomal protein S4 | |
| 24 | 22 | 567 | petD | cytochrome b/f complex subunit IV | |
| 25 | 22 | 426 | atpE | ATP synthase CF1 epsilon chain | |
| 26 | 22 | 372 | rpl14 | ribosomal protein L14 | |
| 27 | 22 | 249 | psbE | cytochrome b559 alpha chain | |
| 28 | 22 | 246 | atpH | ATP synthase CF0 C chain | |
| 29 | 22 | 243 | psaC | photosystem I subunit VII | |
| 30 | 22 | 132 | psbN | photosystem II protein N | |
| 31 | 22 | 126 | psbJ | photosystem II protein J | |
| 32 | 22 | 123 | psbF | cytochrome b559 beta chain | |
| 33 | 22 | 114 | rpl36 | ribosomal protein L36 | |
| 34 | 21 | 3471 | rpoB | RNA polymerase beta chain | |
| 35 | 21 | 1542 | atpA | ATP synthase CF1 alpha chain | |
| 36 | 21 | 651 | Clp | protease proteolytic subunit | |
| 37 | 21 | 261 | psbH | photosystem II phosphoprotein | |
| 38 | 21 | 213 | rpl33 | ribosomal protein L33 | |
| 39 | 21 | 186 | psbZ | Ycf9 | |
| 40 | 21 | 132 | psaJ | photosystem I subunit IX | |
| 41 | 21 | 114 | psbL | photosystem II protein L | |
| 42 | 21 | 114 | petG | cytochrome b6/f complex subunit V | |
| 44 | 20 | 2232 | rpoC1 | RNA polymerase beta' chain | |
| 46 | 20 | 609 | ycf4 | photosystem I assembly protein ycf4 | |
| 47 | 19 | 1182 | ndhH | NADH dehydrogenase subunit 7 | |
| 48 | 19 | 1122 | ndhA | NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 | |
| 49 | 19 | 717 | rps2 | ribosomal protein S2 | |
| 50 | 19 | 582 | atpF | ATP synthase CF0 B chain | |
| 51 | 19 | 555 | ndhI | NADH dehydrogenase subunit I | |
| 52 | 19 | 363 | ndhC | NADH dehydrogenase subunit 3 | |
| 53 | 19 | 321 | ndhE | NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4L | |
| 54 | 19 | 183 | psbK | PSII K protein | |
| 55 | 19 | 111 | psaI | PSI I subunit VIII | |
| 56 | 19 | 108 | psbM | photosystem II protein M | |
| 57 | 18 | 1119 | rpoA | RNA polymerase alpha chain | |
| 58 | 18 | 549 | ycf3 | photosystem I assembly protein Ycf3 | |
| 59 | 18 | 522 | ndhJ | NADH dehydrogenase subunit J | |
| 61 | 18 | 114 | psbI | photosystem II protein I | |
| 62 | 17 | 1581 | ndhD | NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4 | |
| 63 | 17 | 114 | psbT | photosystem II protein T | |
| 64 | 16 | 609 | ndhG | NADH dehydrogenase subunit 6 | |
| 66 | 15 | 87 | unnamed protein product | ||
| 67 | 14 | 264 | rps16 | ribosomal protein S16 | |
| 68 | 13 | 246 | infA | translation initiation factor 1 | |
| 70 | 12 | 4500 | rpoC2 | RNA polymerase beta'' chain |